In the present article, we will consider the specifics of the legal policy in the sphere of national and religious relations during the period of domination of the Russian Empire in the Caucasus. In general, our study shows that, in fact, they were regulated by Russian secular law. The Russian state, of course, strove to gradually grant to all the peoples included in it the rights enjoyed by the Russian citizens of the empire, while the state itself tried to create a mechanism obliging it to respect these rights.