Objective: Knowledge sharing is an essential issue for organizations, which is defined as sending and distributing knowledge from one person, group, or organization to another person, group, or organization. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) can be used in evaluating ideas, values, and attitudes embedded within knowledge sharing behavior through having some structures dealing with the important aspects of behavioral prediction. Thus, the study was conducted to examine the factors effective in knowledge sharing of faculty members of Kerman University of Medical Sciences according to TPB. Methodology: The present study is an analytical type survey. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on TPB. The population was 395 faculty members of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, of whom 120 were selected using correlation coefficient. Descriptive statistics - frequency distribution, percentage, variance, mean and standard deviation - and inferential statistic of General Linear Model along with SPSS 16 were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed no significant relationships between the attitude and intention of knowledge sharing of faculty members but a positive and significant relationship between subjective norms and perceived behavioral control with knowledge sharing intention among faculty members. The relationship between demographic and educational information (e.g. age, gender, faculty of activity, academic rank, academic degree and faculty record) with attitude and subjective norms was insignificant, but there was a significant difference between demographic information and perceived behavioral control and intention just according to the rank of the participants in the study. Conclusion: The results showed that TPB is effective in terms of the factors affecting knowledge sharing. Besides the constructs of this theory, some of the background variables such as academic rank of the faculty members can affect their knowledge sharing intention. Thus, it is vital that the authorities of the university's education and research take the necessary corrective measures to enhance faculty members' attitudes for enhancing knowledge sharing behavior of the faculty members of Kerman University of Medical Sciences.
